Gait Affects Both Kinesthetic and Visual Perception of Distance Traversed

Path integration is based upon the use of sensory information to perceive the angles turned and distances traversed by the body as it moves through the world [1]. Perception of the distances traveled during navigation is known to depend upon sources of visual and non-visual information. Non-visual information has been shown to principally rely upon information derived from the movements of the limbs during locomotion (i.e. kinesthetic perception)[2]. In the absence of visible landmarks, vision and kinesthetic perception have been shown to have an approximately equal impact on human path integration [3].